PASSIVE VOICE (Kalimat Pasif)
Passive Voice (Kalimat Pasif) adalah kalimat yang subject-nya dikenai suatu pekerjaan atau menderita suatu. Dengan kata lain subject kalimat tersebut menjadi sasaran kegiatan yang dinyatakan oleh kata kerja. Dalam bahasa indonesia ciri-ciri kalimat pasif adalah kata kerjanya yang berawalan dengan “di-“ dan beberapa lagi memiliki awalan “ter-“ (tergantung pada konteks kalimat).
Active Voice (Kalimat Aktif) adalah kalimat yang subject-nya berbuat sesuatau atau melakukan suatu pekerjaan. Dalam bahasa indonesia ciri-ciri kalimat aktif adalah kata kerjanya selalu berawalan “me-“ dan beberapa lagi memiliki awalan “ber-“.
Bentuk dari Passive Voice (kalimat pasif) adalah : TO BE / BE + VERB 3
- Passive Voice digunakan jika kita hanya ingin fokus pada kejadian bukan pada siapa yang melakukannya.
Example:
Active : the man is kicking the ball now.
Passive : the ball is being kicked now
- Passive Voice digunakan untuk menghindari suatu subjek yang semu (someone, somebody).
Example :
Active : someone hit the mirror last night.
Passive : the mirror was hit last night.
Note :
Dalam bahasa inggris terdapat beberapa kata kerja yang bisa memiliki 2 object, seperti: teach, pay, give, ask, tell, show, over.
Pola – Pola Passive Voice
- Simple Present Tense
Rumus:
Active : S + To Be (is, am, are)
Passive : S + To Be (is,am,are) + V3
Example:
Active : Budi writtes a letter
Passive : a letter is written by budy
- Simple Past
Rumus :
Active : S + To Be (was,were) + v2
Passive : S + To Be (was, were) + V3
Example:
Actived : i eat fried rice yesterday
Passived : fried rice was eaten by me yesterday
- Present Perfect
Rumus :
Active : S + To Be (has, have) + V3
Passive : S + To Be + been + V3
Example :
Active : we have been helping the poor people
Passive : the poor people have been being helped by us
- Past Perfect
Rumus :
Active : S + To Be (had) + V3
Passive : S + To Be + been +V3
Example :
Active : we had watched titanic movie
Passive : Titanic movie had been watched by us
- Present Progresive
Rumus :
Active : S + To Be (is, am, are) + v-ing
Passive : S + To Be + being +v3
Example:
Active : Jane is helping Tina.
Passive : Tina is being helped by Jane
- Past Progresive
Rumus :
Active : S + To Be (was, were) + v-ing
Passive : S + To Be + being Not + V3
Example:
Active : Noni was helping ketrin
Passive : Noni was being helped by Ketrin
CAUSATIVE VERBS (Kata Kerja Kausative)
Causative Verb ( Kata Kerja Kausatif ) adalah kata kerja utama atau pokok yang digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa seseorang menyuruh atau menyebabkan orang lain melakukan sesuatu.
Beberapa caustive verb :
have/has had
ask asked
get got
- Active Causative
- Causative “Have”
Rumus: Subject + have/has + someone + kata kerja Bentuk I
Contoh:
- I have him clean my shoes (saya menyuruhnya membersihkan sepatuku)
- Mary has George climbs the tree
- You must haveSusie study hard
- Causative “Get”
Rumus: Subject + Get + someone + to infinitive
Contoh:
- He gets John to brush the shoes
- They get me to wash the clothes
- She will get Anne to accompany her to the party tomorrow
- Passive Causative
Rumus: Subject + have/get + object + kata kerja Bentuk III
Contoh:
- The government got the bridge built quickly
- We must have the floor cleaned as soon as possible
Tambahan:
- Causative “Make“
Penggunaannya sama dengan causative di atas, namun perintahnya lebih keras (sedikit memaksa)
Rumus: Subject + Make + someone + Kata kerja bentuk I
Contoh:
- The teacher always makes the students stay in their own seats
- Bob made his son be quiet in the library
- Causative “Want“
Rumus: Subject + Want + object + Kata Kerja Bentuk III
Contoh:
- I want this chairs painted (saya mau kursi-kursi ini dicat)
- He wants the cars repaired
Referensi :
https://pralitaputrinoviari.wordpress.com/2015/06/30/passive-voice-causative-have/
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